Tuesday Nov 26, 2024
Tuesday Nov 26, 2024
Tuesday, 26 December 2017 00:00 - - {{hitsCtrl.values.hits}}
A manager in the little town of Bethlehem became world famous because of Christmas. It is not only a time to relax and refresh, but also to reflect and to reinforce. Despite the overly commercial coverage of Christmas, the true serenity associated with spirituality is still significant. As someone boldly said the other day, Christmas is certainly not the Santa’s Birthday. I think it is high time to be brilliant on basics in responding to the call to be spiritual. It supersedes traditional religious boundaries. In essence, Christmas invites us to awaken ourselves towards spirituality. I would call this a message from manager to managers.
Overview
Let’s see what spirituality is from a management perspective. It involves a term for many beliefs and practices intended to develop one’s inner life. It is associated with a feeling of interconnectedness. In other words, it is the vital principle that gives breadth of life to physical organism.
A time for living, a time for believing
A time for trusting, not deceiving,
Love and laughter and joy ever after
Ours for the taking, just follow the master.
The above is an extract from one common Christmas carol we hear, ‘Mistletoe and Wine’. It was made popular as a single by Cliff Richard. We observed how many corporates committed in organising Christmas carols during recent weeks. It has become not a mere annual ritual but a deeper organisational phenomenon in strengthening employee engagement. Participating in carols is a demonstration of unity, solidarity and team collaboration as a set of professional colleagues. In turn it helps the needy in the society as well.
The essence here is synergy in action, leaving aside differences. This has clear connection to what management scholars termed as ‘spiritual intelligence’.
Spiritual Intelligence in focus
The central point here is intelligence. As we discussed some time ago, intelligence comes from the Latin verb ‘intellegere’, which means ‘to understand’. It is an umbrella term used to describe a property of the mind that encompasses many related abilities, such as the capacities to reason, to plan, to solve problems, to think abstractly, to comprehend ideas, to use language, and to learn.
We know for sure, intelligence is not only reading, writing and doing arithmetic. It goes far beyond. Emotional Intelligence has become quite popular in showcasing the power of harnessing positive emotions. The newest addition to the list is spiritual intelligence.
What is Spiritual Intelligence? It is what all great religious leaders aptly demonstrated. It is what was available in leaders of all spheres life from time immemorial. It is what got repackaged by Dana Zohar, a quantum physicist in the late nineties. Interestingly, her work heralded an era where a whole new focus on spirituality linked to intelligence began.
As Zoar vividly describes, spirituality is to ‘know’ who you are and spiritual intelligence is to ‘realise’ who you are and to live life in that awareness. You have always been who you are and, in truth, you can never be other than who you are, but it requires ‘realisation’ i.e. that moment when you ‘see it’, when you ‘get it’ and then you ‘be it’.
Spirituality is different to being religious. You can go to all the religious places in the world but if you do not demonstrate values in your action, you are not spiritual yet. Being spiritual is essentially maintaining three connections. They are: Connecting to self, to others and to the universe (higher being).
Components of Spiritual Intelligence
Based on the work done by Zohar and Marshall (1997), the following have been highlighted as key components:
Self awareness
Knowing what I believe in and value, and what deeply motivates me. As Thich Nhat Hanh, a reputed Vietnamese monk said once, “Feelings come and go like clouds in a windy sky. Conscious breathing is my anchor”.
Spontaneity
Living in and being responsive to the moment
Being vision and value led
Acting from principles and deep beliefs, and living accordingly
Holism
Seeing larger patterns, relationships, and connections; having a sense of belonging
Compassion
Having the quality of ‘feeling-with’ and deep empathy
Celebration of diversity
Valuing other people for their differences, not despite them
Field independence
Standing against the crowd and having one’s own convictions
Humility
Having the sense of being a player in a larger drama, of one’s true place in the world
Tendency to ask fundamental ‘Why?’ questions
Needing to understand things and get to the bottom of them
Ability to reframe
Standing back from a situation or problem and seeing the bigger picture; seeing problems in a wider context
Positive use of adversity
Learning and growing from mistakes, setbacks, and suffering
Sense of vocation
Feeling called upon to serve, to give something back.
Having looked into the components of spiritual intelligence, it will be interesting to see its connection to values.
Values as the core
Jim Collins’ best-selling book, ‘Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies’ conclude that truly great companies are visionary and value driven. In his latest book, ‘Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap and Others Don’t’, Jim Collins researched 11 companies who made the transition from being good companies to being ‘great’ companies on par with the companies in ‘Built to Last’. A key finding was that each company had what he calls ‘Level 5 Leadership’ or in simple terms, leadership at its greatest level.
The logical connection here is that great leaders seem to demonstrate most or all of the characteristics described as spiritual intelligence by Zohar. Great leaders showed a profound personal humility and a powerful faith that they and their company would prevail in the end, regardless of the difficulties.
Spiritual intelligence as five-fold capacities
Robert Emmons (2000) illuminates us on five key capacities of spiritual intelligence. They are as follows:
1.Capacity to transcend the physical and material.
This refers to mental action of thinking beyond what is seen. It involves a deep level of thinking.
2.Capacity to experience heightened states of consciousness.
This is essentially mindfulness; an area where conscious breathing can be of very high importance.
3. Capacity to sanctify everyday experience.
In simplifying, this refers to accept things as they are rather than as they ought to be. It makes one positive and constructive.
4. Capacity to utilise spiritual resources to solve problems.
Relying on your ‘built in wisdom’ or trusting the gut in approaching problems where there is no precedence is what it means.
5. Capacity to be virtuous.
The reference here is to be ethical in demonstrating values in action.
It seems the common thread that cuts across all above aspects is the connectivity.
SQ and SI
SI as we already discussed is the acronym for Spiritual Intelligence. Then what is SQ? It is termed as Spiritual Quotient. In brief, SI is measured using SQ.
Spiritual Quotient (SQ) is still in its early development. Even though it is a conceptually rich area, practical dimensions also should be given due prominence. There are still some issues to be resolved. Among them the non-availability of one consistent way of measuring features prominently. It is also difficult to measure by traditional means. The solution would be to introduce a competency based SI assessment instrument. Spiritual Intelligence Self Report Inventory (SISRI) is one such major attempt.
SI in action
Spirituality should be reflected in action. Four Zen-like principles which are simple as ideas yet so deep as actions shed light on this:
Whoever comes is the right person
Whatever happens is the only thing that could have happened
Whenever it starts is the right time
Whenever it is over, it is over
By practicing spiritual intelligence, Seven Sins in the world as identified by Mahatma Gandhi can be overcome, at least where an individual has some influence:
Spirituality in action
Spiritual Intelligence should be seen more in practice than in preaching. It applies to business managers and public administrators alike. It reminds me of one of my precious childhood memories in visiting a remarkable personality, and now I know that he was highly spiritually intelligent.
I together with my parents visited Rev. Fr. Mercelline Jayakody, who was at the old Catholic Church of Pilapitiya, Kelaniya. His room had a beautiful scenic view of Kelani River. Perhaps he would have been influenced to write many Sinhala carols connecting natural beauty of Sri Lanka to nativity of Christ, when he wrote: “Dina dina wehi kalu barawenawa, Maweli ganga diya borawenewa, Naththaa Kath beda gene enawa, Wehibara Uduvapaye” (Christmas comes with loads of gifts in rainy December when waters of Mahaweli becomes murky”.
Way forward
Let me conclude with what Rev. Fr. Mercelline Jayakody, aptly hailed as the Priest of the Temple (Pansale Piyatuma), wrote in Sinhala highlighting the social reality of Christmas. My translation of it goes as follows:
My Christmas is…
When poor is well fed
When ragged cloths are no more
When your hands are consoled
When sin “goes” to Church.
It is all about being humane. Let’s be human beings and not ‘human doings’ or ‘human undoings’. There is no better time than this week, just after Christmas, to reflect on ourselves. Let that inward journey be a truly meaningful one.
(Prof. Ajantha Dharmasiri can be reached through [email protected], [email protected] or www.ajanthadharmasiri.info.)
