Thursday Nov 14, 2024
Thursday Nov 14, 2024
Monday, 27 May 2013 00:29 - - {{hitsCtrl.values.hits}}
We have just witnessed another Vesak. At a time when the whole country is united in celebrating the 2602 years of Buddhism, it is quite appropriate to discuss something serene relating to humane results. That’s why the theme of spiritual intelligence fits into the current ethos.
Overview
As we discussed some time ago, intelligence comes from the Latin verb “intellegere,” which means “to understand”. It is an umbrella term used to 
describe a property of the mind that encompasses many related abilities, such as the capacities to reason, to plan, to solve problems, to think abstractly, to comprehend ideas, to use language, and to learn.
What is spiritual intelligence? Perhaps it is the newest form of intelligence added on to the multiple intelligences. It is what all great religious leaders aptly demonstrated. It is what was available in leaders of all spheres life from time immemorial. It is what got repackaged by Dana Zohar, a quantum physicist in the late nineties. Interestingly, her work heralded an era where whole new focus on spirituality linked to intelligence began.
Spirituality
Let’s see what spirituality from a management perspective. It involves a term for many beliefs and practices intended to develop one’s inner life. It is associated with a feeling of interconnectedness. In other words, it is the vital principle that gives breadth of life to physical organism.
As Zohar vividly describes, spirituality is to “know” who you are and spiritual intelligence is to “realise” who you are and to live life in that awareness. You have always been who you are and, in truth, you can never be other than who you are, but it requires “realisation” i.e. that moment when you “see it,” when you “get it” and then you “be it”.
Spirituality is different to being religious. You can to all the religious places in the world but if you do not demonstrate values in your action, you are not spiritual yet. Being spiritual is essentially maintaining three connections. They are: connecting to self, to others and to the universe (higher being).
Spiritual intelligence
According to Zohar and Marshall (1997), it is the intelligence that makes us whole, that gives us our integrity. It is the intelligence of the deep self. It is the intelligence with which we ask fundamental questions and with which we reframe our answers.
Kathleen Noble (2000) tells us that it is the conscious recognition that physical reality is embedded within a larger, multidimensional reality with which we interact, consciously and unconsciously, on a moment to moment basis. In brief, it is the conscious pursuit of psychological health, not only for ourselves but also for the sake of the global community. It can even be simplified further as Tony Buzan (2001) did. Spiritual intelligence is the awareness of the world and your place in it. It is also the ability to act with wisdom and compassion, while maintaining inner and outer peace, regardless of the circumstances (Wigglesworth, 2004).
Therefore, it is interesting to see a distinctly different intelligence is emerging in the form of spiritual intelligence. What are the ingredients of it? Let’s discover now.
Components of spiritual intelligence
Based on the work done by Zohar and Marshall (1997), the following have been highlighted as key components.
Self awareness: Knowing what I believe in and value, and what deeply motivates me. As Thich Nhat Hanh, A reputed Vietnamese Monk told once, “feelings come and go like clouds in a windy sky. Conscious breathing is my anchor”.
Spontaneity: Living in and being responsive to the moment.
Being vision and value led: Acting from principles and deep beliefs, and living accordingly.
Holism: Seeing larger patterns, relationships, and connections; having a sense of belonging.
Compassion: Having the quality of “feeling-with” and deep empathy.
Celebration of diversity: Valuing other people for their differences, not despite them.
Field independence: Standing against the crowd and having one’s own convictions.
Humility: Having the sense of being a player in a larger drama, of one’s true place in the world.
Tendency to ask fundamental ‘why?’ questions: Needing to understand things and get to the bottom of them.
Ability to reframe: Standing back from a situation or problem and seeing the bigger picture; seeing problems in a wider context.
Positive use of adversity: Learning and growing from mistakes, setbacks, and suffering.
Sense of vocation: Feeling called upon to serve, to give something back.
Having looked into the components of spiritual intelligence, it will be interesting to see its connection to values.
Values as the core
Jim Collins’ best-selling book, ‘Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies’ conclude that truly great companies are visionary and value driven. In his latest book, ‘Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap and Others Don’t’) Jim Collins researched 11 companies who made the transition from being good companies to being “great” companies on par with the companies in ‘Built to Last’. A key finding was that each company had what he calls ‘Level 5 Leadership’ or in simple terms, leadership at its greatest level.
The logical connection here is that great leaders seem to demonstrate most or all of the characteristics described as Spiritual Intelligence by Zohar. Great leaders showed a profound personal humility and a powerful faith that they and their company would prevail in the end, regardless of the difficulties.
Spiritual intelligence as five-fold capacities
Robert Emmons (2000) illuminates us on five key capacities of spiritual intelligence. They are as follows:
1.Capacity to transcend the physical and material. This refers to mental action of thinking beyond what is seen. It involves a deep level of thinking.
2.Capacity to experience heightened states of consciousness. This is essentially mindfulness. An area where conscious breathing can be of very high importance.
3.Capacity to sanctify everyday experience. In simplifying, this refers to accept things as they are rather than as they ought to be. It makes one positive and constructive.
4.Capacity to utilise spiritual resources to solve problems. Relying on your “built in wisdom “or trusting the gut in approaching problems where there is no precedence is what it means.
5.Capacity to be virtuous. The reference here is to be ethical in demonstrating values in action.
It seems the common thread that cuts across all above aspects is the connectivity.
SQ and SI
SI as we already discussed is the acronym for Spiritual Intelligence. Then what is SQ? It is termed as spiritual quotient. In brief, SI is measured using SQ.
Spiritual Quotient (SQ) is still in its early development. Even though it is a conceptually rich area, practical dimensions also should be given due prominence. There are still some issues to be resolved. Among them the non-availability of one consistent way of measuring features prominently. It is also difficult to measure by traditional means. The solution would be to introduce a competency based SI assessment instrument. Spiritual Intelligence Self Report Inventory (SISRI) is one such major attempt.
SI in action
Spirituality should be reflected in action. Four Zen-like principles which are simple as ideas yet so deep as actions shed light on this.
By practicing spiritual intelligence, Seven Sins in the world as identified by Mahatma Gandhi can be overcome, at least where an individual has some influence.
Way forward
What we have done so far is just to experience a drop from a vast ocean. It is just an introduction to a theme which is vastly experiential. Our rational intelligence will tell us what we know. Our emotional intelligence will tell us how we feel. Our spiritual intelligence will tell us who we are. It is all about being. Let’s be human beings and not “human doings” or “human undoings”. There is no better time than upcoming holidays to reflect on ourselves. Let that inward journey be a meaningful one.
(Dr. Ajantha Dharmasiri works at the Postgraduate Institute of Management. He can be reached on [email protected] or www.ajanthadharmasiri.info.)
