Obama sends US military advisers to Iraq as battle rages over refinery
Saturday, 21 June 2014 00:00
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Speaking after a meeting with his national security team, Obama said he was prepared to take ‘targeted’ military action later if deemed necessary, thus delaying but still keeping open the prospect of airstrikes to fend off a militant insurgency. But he insisted that US troops would not return to combat in Iraq.
Obama also delivered a stern message to Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki on the need to take urgent steps to heal Iraq’s sectarian rift, something US officials say the Shi’ite leader has failed to do and which an al Qaeda splinter group leading the Sunni revolt has exploited.
“We do not have the ability to simply solve this problem by sending in tens of thousands of troops and committing the kinds of blood and treasure that has already been expended in Iraq,” Obama told reporters. “Ultimately, this is something that is going to have to be solved by the Iraqis.”
Obama, who withdrew US troops from Iraq at the end of 2011, said the United States would increase support for Iraq’s beleaguered security forces. But he stopped short of acceding to Baghdad’s request for the immediate use of US air power against Islamist insurgents who have overrun northern Iraq.
The contingent of up to 300 military advisers will be made up of special forces and will staff joint operations centers for intelligence sharing and planning, US officials said.
Leading US lawmakers have called for Maliki to step down, and Obama aides have also made clear their frustration with him. Some US officials believe there is a need for new Iraqi leadership but are mindful that Washington may not have enough clout to influence the situation, a former senior administration official said.
While Obama did not join calls for Maliki to go, saying, “It’s not our job to choose Iraq’s leaders,” he avoided any expression of confidence in the embattled Iraqi prime minister when asked by a reporter whether he would do so.
Warning that Iraq’s fate ‘hangs in the balance’, Obama said: “Only leaders with an inclusive agenda are going to be able to truly bring the Iraqi people together.”
The US president also said he was sending Secretary of State John Kerry to Europe and the Middle East starting this weekend for talks he hoped would stabilise the region. A US official said: “Kerry is expected to go Iraq soon,” but did not give a date.
Obama’s decision to deploy military advisers and deepen US re-enagagement in Iraq came after days of arduous deliberations by a president who won the White House in 2008 on a pledge to disentangle the United States from the long, unpopular war there.
He said that recent days had reminded Americans of the “deep scars” from its Iraq experience, which started with the 2003 US-led invasion that toppled Saddam Hussein and saw US troops occupy the country for nine years.
Refinery becomes battleground
Even as Obama announced his most significant response to the Iraqi crisis, the sprawling Baiji refinery, 200 km (130 miles) north of the capital near Tikrit, was transformed into a battlefield.
Troops loyal to the Shi’ite-led government held off insurgents from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, or ISIL, and its allies who had stormed the perimeter a day earlier, threatening national energy supplies.
A government spokesman said at one point on Thursday that Iraqi forces were in ‘complete control’. But a witness in Baiji said fighting was continuing. Two Iraqi helicopters tried to land in the refinery but were unable to because of insurgent gunfire, and most of the refinery remained under rebel control.
A day after the government publicly appealed for US air power, Obama’s decision to hold off for now on such strikes underscored skepticism in Washington over whether they would be effective, given the risk of civilian deaths that could further enrage Iraq’s once-dominant Sunni minority.
“We will be prepared to take targeted and precise military action if we conclude the situation on the ground requires it,” Obama said. But he insisted that any US military response would not be in support of one Iraqi sect over another.
Turkish Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan, a NATO ally, said the United States “does not view such attacks positively,” given the risk to civilians. A Saudi source said that Western powers agreed with Riyadh, the main Sunni state in the region, that what was needed was political change, not outside intervention, to heal sectarian division that has widened under Maliki.
Maliki’s Shi’ite alliance won the most votes in April parliamentary elections, and US officials said the Obama administration was pressing Iraqi authorities to accelerate the process of forging a new governing coalition and for it to be broad-based, including Sunnis and Kurds.
A senior member of Maliki’s State of Law list suggested immediate US military action was no longer necessary because defenses in the capital, Baghdad, hade been strengthened and the new advisers would make it easier to bomb in the future if needed.
“Once they are down there, they will be able to do targeting,” the politician said, suggesting that Iraqi security forces have “bought time” by toughening their resistance to the insurgent advance.
But Obama’s decision drew criticism from some Republican opponents.
Representative Edward Royce, who chairs the House Foreign Affairs committee, said “the steps he announced are needed but fall short of what is required to stop this al Qaeda offshoot from gaining more power, which must include drone strikes.”
